Structure and function in C++ | Examples | My CS Tutorial

Structure and function in c++ | C++ struct and function | structure and function in c++ programming | Structure as function arguments and return from function | Examples | My CS Tutorial

Structure and function in c++ | My CS Tutorial

In this tutorial, we will learn how to pass structures as an argument to the function and how to return the structure from the function.

structures as function argument

You can pass a structure as a function argument in very similar way as you pass any other variable or pointer. You would access structure variables.

Here we have a function printStudentInfo() which takes structure Student as an argument and prints the details of student using structure varaible. The important point to note here is that you should always declare the structure before function declarations, otherwise you will get compilation error.

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
struct Student{
   char stuName[30];
   int stuRollNo;
   int stuAge;
};
void printStudentInfo(Student);
int main(){
   Student s;
   cout<<"Enter Student Name: ";
   cin.getline(s.stuName, 30);
   cout<<"Enter Student Roll No: ";
   cin>>s.stuRollNo;
   cout<<"Enter Student Age: ";
   cin>>s.stuAge;
   printStudentInfo(s);
   return 0;
}
void printStudentInfo(Student s){
   cout<<"Student Record:"<<endl;
   cout<<"Name: "<<s.stuName<<endl;
   cout<<"Roll No: "<<s.stuRollNo<<endl;
   cout<<"Age: "<<s.stuAge;
}

Output:

Enter Student Name: Harsh
Enter Student Roll No: 656127
Enter Student Age: 19
Student Record:
Name: Harsh
Roll No: 656127
Age: 19

return the Structure from a Function

In this example we have two functions one gets the values from user, assign them to structure members and returns the structure and the other function takes that structure as argument and print the details.

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
struct Student{
   char stuName[30];
   int stuRollNo;
   int stuAge;
};
Student getStudentInfo();
void printStudentInfo(Student);
int main(){
   Student s;
   s = getStudentInfo();
   printStudentInfo(s);
   return 0;
}
/* This function prompt the user to input student
 * details, stores them in structure members
 * and returns the structure
 */
Student getStudentInfo(){
   Student s;
   cout<<"Enter Student Name: ";
   cin.getline(s.stuName, 30);
   cout<<"Enter Student Roll No: ";
   cin>>s.stuRollNo;
   cout<<"Enter Student Age: ";
   cin>>s.stuAge;
   return s;
}
void printStudentInfo(Student s){
   cout<<"Student Record:"<<endl;
   cout<<"Name: "<<s.stuName<<endl;
   cout<<"Roll No: "<<s.stuRollNo<<endl;
   cout<<"Age: "<<s.stuAge;
}

Output:

Enter Student Name: Harsh Chauhan
Enter Student Roll No: 333901
Enter Student Age: 19
Student Record:
Name: Harsh Chauhan
Roll No: 333901
Age: 19

Structure as function arguments and return from function | Examples | My CS Tutorial

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Created by-- HARSH CHAUHAN